(a) List three functions of the kidney.

(b) Make a labelled diagram of the mammalian kidney tubule (nephron)

(c) Describe how the kidney carries out two of the functions listed in (a). 
 

(i) Make a labelled drawing of a typical plant cell to show its essential features.

(ii) Give the functions of two labelled organelles

(b) Describe briefly two levels of cell organization in living organisms giving an example of each type.

(c) What role do the following processes play in the activities of a living cell (i) osmosis; (ii) diffusion. 
 

(a) State four modes of nutrition in plants.

(b) Outline the process involved in the light and dark reactions of photosynthesis.

(c) Describe briefly the modifications and the mechanisms associated with the following feeding habits:
(i) filter feeding in mosquito larva; (ii) parasitic feeding in tapeworm. 
 

(a) (i) Define the term population. (ii) List two biotic and abiotic factors each that affect population growth.

(b) What are the effects of food shortage on a population?

(c) Describe two methods each for:
(i) improving crop yield (ii) preserving and storing food. Explain the principle involved in each of the methods described. 
 

(a) What is conservation of natural resources?

(b) List various natural resources that need to be conserved. State briefly the benefits of conservation in each case.

(c) List the problems often encountered in ensuring conservation of natural resources.

(d) What are the efforts being employed in your country to ensure conservation of natural resources?