(a) Explain briefly how the process of meiotic division contributes to variation in a population

(b) State Mendel's first and second laws of inheritance.

(c) A pure breeding brown coloured rat BB was crossed with a pure breeding white rat bb. By means of diagram only, show the genotypes of the offspring up to the second filial generation. 
 

(a) List five morphological features that are characteristic of plant found in each of the following habitats:-(i) tropical rainforest. (ii) savanna. In each case, state function of the features listed in (a) to the plant.

(b) Explain the term: ecological succession

(c) By means of a diagram only, outline the carbon cycle to show the relative importance of the cycle to life in general.
 

(a) Describe an experiment to demonstrate the influence of auxins on the growth of plant shoot.

(b) List three uses of auxins in agriculture.

(c) Describe briefly the mechanism of transmission of impulses through a nerve fibre. 
 

(a) Describe how the floral parts of a named flower are adapted to wind-pollination.

(b) Explain how each of the following behaviours in animals affects the reproduction process: (i) territoriality. (ii) display; (iii) seasonal migration. 
 

(a) List three functions of the kidney.

(b) Make a labelled diagram of the mammalian kidney tubule (nephron)

(c) Describe how the kidney carries out two of the functions listed in (a).