(a). Explain briefly the following terms:
(i) Renewable natural resources
(ii) Non -renewable natural resources; 

(b) Give two examples each of:
(i) Renewable natural resources
(ii) Non -renewable natural resources

(c) State five ways of conserving forests

(d) State four effects of adding animal manure to garden soil.

(e) Give the possible genotypes in humans; 

a. Explain briefly the following terms:
i. gene;
ii. Hybrid;
iii. Trait.

(b) Two heterozygous yellow flowers are crossed. Using a genetic diagram, state the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the first filial generation.

(c) State four transmitted characters in plants. 
 

(a)(1) Explain briefly chemosynthesis as a mode of nutrition.
(ii) Give two examples of organism that carry out chemosynthesis.

(b) List three gases in the atmosphere with their percentage composition. 

(c) (i) State four characteristics of a salt marsh habitat.
(ii) Explain briefly how plants are modified for anchorage in a salt marsh habitat.

(d) (i) List four bacterial disease associated with poor food hygiene.
(ii) State three effects of poor food hygiene.

(e) A person was involved in a car accident and became unconscious due to excessive blood loss. Explain briefly how the blood lost could be restored. 

(f) State three differences between tillage and bush burning as farming practices. 

(a) (i) What is classification of living things?

(ii) Name the scientist that developed the Binomial Sys-tern of Classification

(iii) State three reasons why it is necessary to classify living things

(iv) List seven major groups into which taxonomists classify living things in order of hierarchy

(b) state two features each which viruses have in common with: (i) living things

(ii) non-living things

(c) Name two viral disease each of:
(i) plants

(ii) humans 
 

(a) State four characteristics of enzymes

(b) (i) List two digestive enzymes produced in the duodenum of humans

(ii) Name the substrate that each enzyme listed in 2(b)(i) acts on.

(iii) State the products of each enzyme activity in 2(b)(ii)

(c) (i) State one way in which chlorophyll is important in plants

(ii) Name two macroelements that are required for the formation of chlorophyll in plants.

(iii) State one deficiency symptom of each macroelement named in 2 (c) (ii) above

(d) Outline the proce-dure used for testing for starch in a leaf