Define upper fixed point and lower fixed point as used in thermometry

(b) The electrical resistances of the element in a platinum restistance thermometer at 100\(^o\)C, 0\(^o\) and room temperature are 75.000, 63.000 and 64.992 \(\Omega\) respectively. Use these data to determine the room temperature.

(c) (i) State Boyle's law

(ii) A uniform capillary tube, closed at one end contained dry air trapped by a thread of mecury 8.5 x 10\(^{-2}\)m long. When the tube was held horinzontally, the length of the air column was 5.0 x 10\(^{-2}\)m, when it was held vertically with the closed end downwards, the length was 4.5 x 10\(^{-2}\)m, Determine the value of the atmospheric pressure. [g = 10ms\(^{-2}\), density of mecury = 1.36 x 10\(^4\) kg m\(^{-3}\)]

(a) Explain;

(i) wave motion

(ii) stationary wave 

(b)(i) List four physical properties of a wave

(ii) Define amplitude and use it to distinguish between the node and antinode of a stationary wave

(iii) List the factors on which the frequency of vibration in a stretched string depends

(c) The equation, y = 5 sin (3x - 4t), where y is in millimeters, x is in meres and t is in seconds represents a wave motion . Determine the;

(i) frequency

(ii) period

(iii) speed of the wave

(a) (i) Explain electromotive force

(ii) list two sources of electromotive force other than a chemical cell

(b) A chemical cell of electromotive force, E, and internal resistance, r, is connected in series with an ammeter, a plug key a plug key and an external load of resistance R. A volumeter is connected across the cell. Draw a circuit diagram to illustrate the arrangement,

(c) for the arrangement in (b) above, with the key opened and closed, the voltmeter readings are V\(_o\) and V respectively.

(i) Explain the physical meanings of V\(_o\) and V

(ii) Find an expression for the (I) current passing through the circuit (II) maximum power dissipated in the cell and external load respectively; (III) efficiency of the cell

(a) State two objects each used in sports and warfare which may be considered as projectiles. 

(b) the horizontal range R, of a projectile is given by the expression;

R = \(\frac{u^2 sin 2\theta}{g}\) where \(\theta\) is the angle of projection, g the acceleration of free fall due to gravity and u the initial velocity. At what value of \(\theta\) will R be maximium?

(a) What is surface tension?

(b) State two methods by which the surface tension of a liquid can be reduced.