(a) Name the instruments used in measuring the following:
(i) Rainfall; (ii) Humidity (iii) Temperature (iv) Wind.

(b) With the aid of a diagram, describe the instrument used to measure rainfall.

(c) Explain how the instrument described in (b) above is used. 
 

(a) Describe the characteristics of the equatorial climate.

(b) Highlight the main features of the vegetation type associated with the climatic region in (a) above. 
 

(a) Define the term flooding.

(b) Highlight four causes of flooding.

(c) Outline four effects of flooding

(d) What two measures can be taken to control flooding? 
 

(a) Identify four patterns of population movement within a country.

(b) Give five reasons that may lead to any one pattern of the movements identified in (a) above.

(c) Highlight three possible effects of population movement on the:
(i) source region; (ii) destination.
 

(a) Highlight any four characteristics of urban centres.

(b) Explain four ways in which urban centres depend on their surrounding rural areas.

(c) Describe three problems facing rural areas.