(a) Write explanatory notes on the
(i) Equinoxes
(ii) Great circles

(b) Explain why the period of twilight is longer along the Arctic Circle than at the Equator 
 

(a) Distinguish between deflation and abrasion

(b) Using specific examples, describe one landform produced by each of the processes ill (a) above

(c) Give any two reasons why wind erosion is more active in arid than in humid regions
 

(a) (i) Name any three of Koppen's major climatic groups
(ii) What is the basis of this type of classification?

(b) Name any two types of climate within Koppen's first group and show the unique features of each type. 
 

Choose any two of the following vegetation types

(a) Equatorial

(b) Tropical continental

(c) Tropical desert and for each
(i) describe the vegetation characteristics
(ii) Explain how the vegetation has been influenced by climate 
 

Select either urban flooding or water pollution and discuss its

(a) causes

(b) effects

(c) control measures