(a) What is a spring?

(b) With the aid of diagrams, describe three ways by which springs may be formed. 
 

(a) Describe Nigeria under the following headings: (i) location; (ii) size. 
(b) In what five ways are highlands important to the economy of Nigeria

(a) Name the instruments used in measuring the following:
(i) Rainfall; (ii) Humidity (iii) Temperature (iv) Wind.

(b) With the aid of a diagram, describe the instrument used to measure rainfall.

(c) Explain how the instrument described in (b) above is used. 
 

(a) Describe the characteristics of the equatorial climate.

(b) Highlight the main features of the vegetation type associated with the climatic region in (a) above. 
 

(a) Define the term flooding.

(b) Highlight four causes of flooding.

(c) Outline four effects of flooding

(d) What two measures can be taken to control flooding?