(a) On an outline map of Africa, locate and name
(i) two land-locked countries
(ii) two ports, each in a different country, serving these land-locked countries
(iii) the countries in which these ports are located

(b) What four major problems are facing land-locked countries in Africa? 
 

(a) State three functions each of the following settlements: (i) Cuban: (ii) rural. 
(b) Outline four areas of interdependence between rural and urban centres. 

(a) On a map of Africa, locate and name:
(i) three rivers on which hydro-electric power is generated
(ii) the hydroelectric power station on each river

(b) Examine three factors that favour the generation of hydro-electric power in Africa

(c) Of what importance are hydro-electric power projects to Tropical African countries? 
 

(a) Explain five reasons why the production of consumer goods is common in developing countries.

(b) Outline five factors which influence industrial locations.  
 

 (a) (i) Draw a well labelled diagram to show the internal structure of the earth
(ii) Describe the distinguishing characteristics of any one of the layers shown in your diagram

(b) Outline the importance of either the hydrosphere or the biosphere to man