Chemistry

Y

Z

Y - Z

Z - Y

16

17

18

19

one proton only

one neutron only

one proton and one neutron

one proton, one electronic and one neutron

Iron

Sodium

Aluminium

Calcium

atoms are mostly empty space with a small nucleus

emissions from radioactive substances consist of three main components

there is nuclear pull on orbital electrons

electrons are deflected by both magnetic and electric fields