D contains 6.30 g of HNO\(_3\) in 500 cm\(_3\) of solution. E was prepared by dissolving 8.20 g of washing soda crystals ( Na\(_2\)CO\(_3\).xH\(_2\)O) in 250 cm\(^3\) of distilled water.
(a) Put D into the burette and titrate it against 20.0 or 25.0 cm\(^3\) portion of E using methyl orange as indicator.
Repeat the exercise to obtain concordance titre values.
Tabulate your results and calculate the average volume of the acid used.
(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
(c) From your results and the information given;
(i) calculate the concentration of E in moldm\(^{-3}\);
(ii) what is the value of x in Na\(_2\)CO\(_3\).xH\(_2\)O? [H= 1.0; C =12.0; O = 16.0; Na = 23.0; N = 14.0 ]
F is an inorganic salt. Carry out the following exercises on F. Record your observations and identify any gas(es) evolved. State the conclusions you draw from the results of each test.
(a) Transfer F into a test tube and add dil. HCl to it until a clear solution is obtained.
(b) Divide the clear solution obtained from (a) into two portions
(i) To the first portion add NaOH\(_{(aq)}\) in drops and then in excess.
(ii) To the second portion, add few drops of potassium hexacyanoferrate (II) solution.
(a) An aqueous solution of a salt was added to excess sodium sodium trioxocarbonate (IV) solution in a test tube. There was effervescence, the test tube became warm and a white precipitate was observed. State three inferences that could be drawn from these observations.
(b) Consider the following salts; NH\(_4\)Cl; PbSO\(_4\); NaHCO\(_3\) and Cu(NO\(_3\))\(_2\).
Select from the list, the salt(s) which:
(i) would not readily dissolve in water;
(ii)produce(s) effervescence with dilute mineral acids;
(iii) decompose(s) on heating;
(iv) dissolve(s) in water to form an alkaline solution;
(v) sublime(s) on heating
(c) A solution of an acid was titrated with sodium hydroxide solution using methylorange as the indicator. State three precautions that are necessary when carrying out such an experiment.
