(a)(i) State three characteristics of a homologous series.

(ii) Give the name and structural formula of the second member of the alkyne series.

(iii) Write an equation to represent the combustion of ethane in excess oxygen.

(b) Name the type of reaction involved in the conversion of ethanol to

(i) ethene;

(ii) ethylethanoate;

(iii) chloroethane;

(iv) ethoxide

(v) ethanoic acid

(c) Consider the following compound.

(i) Write its IUPAC name.

(ii) Give its molecular formula and empirical formula

(iii) List the products of its H H 0 reaction with saturated Na\(_2\)CO\(_3\) solution.

(iv) State with reason whether its boiling point will be higher or lower than that of the corresponding alkane.

(d) A vegetable oil X was treated with activated charcoal and then with a gas Y in the presence of a catalyst in order to manufacture

(i) Identify Y.

(ii) State the function of the activated charcoal.

(iii) What is the catalyst used?

(iv) If a sample of X is heated with concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, list the products that will be obtained.

(a) List two substances that can be used in the laboratory to

(i) dry hydrogen;

(ii) remove carbon (IV) oxide from a sample of air;

(iii) convert hot copper (II) oxide to copper;

(iv) prepare zinc chloride by the action of dilute HCI.

(b)(i) Name two alloys which contain lead.

(ii) State and explain what is observed on bubbling H\(_2\)S into a solution of Pb(NO)\(_2\).

(iii) A metal M exists as a silvery white solid at temperatures above 18°C and as a grey solid below 18°C.

I. name the phenomenon exhibited by M.

II. What term is used to describe the temperature given as 18°C in this case?

(c)(i) Write an equation for the action of heat on each of the following compounds:

I. AgNO\(_3\)

II. (NH4)\(_2\)CO\(_3\).

(ii) Copy and complete the table below

(a) Describe briefly a suitable procedure for preparing a pure sample of MgSO\(_4\) starting from MgO.

(b)(i) Mention two sources of water pollution.

(ii) Explain why the sample of air collected in the process of boiling water is richer in oxygen than atmospheric air

(iii) Mention one substance used as coagulant in water treatment plants.

(c)(i) State two physical porperties of chlorine.

(ii) Write an equation to show how chlorine reacts with iron

(iii) Why is Chlorine preferred to sulphur (IV) oxide in the bleaching of cotton

(d) Bleaching powder reacts with dilute HCl according to the reaction below;

CaOCl\(_{2(s)}\) + 2HCI\(_{(aq)}\) -> CaCl\(_{2(aq)}\) + H\(_2\)O\(_{(l)}\) + Cl\(_{2(g)}\)

Calculate the mass of bleaching powder that will produce 400cm\(^3\) of chlorine at 25\(^o\)C and a pressure of 1.20 x 10\(^5\) NM\(^{-2}\). [O = 16.0; Cl = 35.5; Ca = 40.0;1 mole of gas occupies 22.4 dm\(^3\) at s.t.p; standard pressure = 1.01 x 10\(^6\) Nm\(^{-2}\)]

All your burette readings (initial and final), as well as the size of your pipette, must be recorded but on no account of experiment procedure is required. All calculations must be done in your answer book.

A is mol dm HCI. B is a solution containing 15.0 g dm of a mixture of NaCl and KHCO\(_3\).

(a) Put A burette and titrate it against 20.0cm\(^3\) or 25.0cm\(^3\) portions of B using methyl orange as indicator. Record the volume of your pipette. Tabulate your burette readings and calculate the average volume of A used. The equation for the reaction involved in the titration is: HCl\(_{aq}\) + KHCO\(_{3(aq)}\) \(\to\) KCl\(_{(aq)}\) +CO\(_{2(g)}\) 

(b) From your results and the information provided above, calculate the:

(i) concentration of KHCO\(_3\), in mol dm\(^{-3}\) in B;

(ii) mass of KHCO\(_3\), in g dm\(^{-3}\) in B

(ii) Percentage by mass of KHCO\(_{3}\) in the mixture, [H=1; C = 12; O = 16; K = 39]

(iv) mass of NaCl in the mixture.

Credit will be given for strict adherence to instructions, for observations precisely recorded, and for accurate inferences. All tests, observations, and inferences must be clearly entered in your answer book, in ink, at the time they are made.

C is one of the following substances; starch or sucrose or glucose D is a simple salt. Carry out the following exercises on C and D. Record your observations and identify any gases evolved.  State the conclusion you draw from the result of each test.

(a)(i) Add about 5 cm\(^3\) of distilled water to a portion of C in a test tube. Stir thoroughly and test with litmus

(ii) Add about 2cm\(^2\) of Fehling's solution to the resulting mixture from (a)(i) above the heat.

(b)(i) Heat a portion of D strongly in a test tube

(ii) Put the rest of D in a boiling tube and add about 10 cm\(^3\) of distilled water. Shake the mixture

(iii) Put about 2 cm\(^3\) of the mixture from (b)(ii)) in a test tube. Add aqueous ammonia in drops and then in excess