(a) (i) identify specimens A. B, C, D and E (ii) To which class of fruits does each specimen belong? (iii) Give two reasons each for your answers (b) Examine specimen C carefully (i) State the agent of dispersal of specimen C (ii) Give one structural feature of specimen C carefully (iii) State the agent of dispersal of specimen C (iv) Give one structural feature of specimen C to support your answer (c) State two advantages of dispersal of fruit and seeds
SECTION A
Answer all the questions in both sections
1. State the importance of the following elements to plants: (a) iron: (b) phosphorus (c) calcium (d) potassium
2. Give one example each of the following (a) plant parasite (b) saprophytic plant (c) carnivorous plant.
3. List two structural modifications each of one named bird which feeds on: (a) nectar, (b) flesh.
4. State three principles on which the use of the quadrat for determining population density is based on
5. (a) Name the nucleic acid that caries inherited traits (b) Name four elements found in the named nucleic acid.
6. Diagrams A and B below represent the reaction of some structures in the mammalian skin to different environmental conditions.
Use them to answer questions (a) and (b)
(a) Which of the diagrams represents tne reactions of the skin to cold condition? (b) List four observations from the diagrams to support your answer.
7. State three methods of controlling growth of micro- organisms.
8. In an experiment it was found that auxin was concentrated more on the shaded side of the shoot as shown in the diagram below
Use the diagram to answer questions (a) to (c):
(a) From which direction did light reach the shoot? (b) Towards which of the directions, side A or side B will the tip grow? (c)Suggest a title for this experiment. Layer of trapped air Layer of- trapped air.
SECTION B
Answer all the questions
9 Examine specimens A and B carefully, (a) State: (i) two similarities (ii) four differences. In structure between them (b) Make a labeled drawing 6-8 cm wide of the cut surface of specimen A.
10. (a) identify specimens C and D without giving reasons for your answer.
(b) In a tabular form state three differences in external features between specimens C and D.
(c) Remove a quill feather from specimen D and label it D. Make a fully labeled diagram 10 to 20 cm long of specimen D
(d) Explain how four observable features of specimen C adapt the organism to life in water. Shoot.
11. The amount of starch hydrolyzed by the enzyme ptyalin over a period of time at three different temperature are given in the table below
|
Time in Minutes |
Volume of Starch hydrolyzed at different Temperature |
|
15°C 25°C 45°C |
|
| 5 |
10.0cm\(^3\) 21.5cm\(^3\) 4.0cm\(^3\) |
| 10 |
20.0 cm\(^3\) 40.0 cm\(^3\) 6.5cm\(^3\) |
| 15 |
30.0 cm\(^3\) 56.5cm\(^3\) 10.0cm\(^3\) |
| 20 |
40.0 cm\(^3\) 68.5cm\(^3\) 17.0cm\(^3\) |
| 25 |
50.0 cm\(^3\) 70.0cm\(^3\) 19.0cm\(^3\) |
(a) Placing time on the horizontal axis and the amount of starch hydrolyzed on the vertical axis, plot the date given for the different temperatures on the sam graph (b) From the graph deduce the effect(s) of temperature on the action of ptyalin on starch (C) Calculate the amount of starch hydrolyzed at the (i) 7th minute at 15°C (ii) 12th minute at 25°C (i) 24th minute at 45°C.
SECTION A
Answer all questions in this section
1. In what direction does translocation occur in plants?
2. Name two tissues that are likely to be removed when a stem is removed
3. Name the last blood vessel that will transport glucose to the heart if glucose solution is injected through the arm (b) which chamber of the heart receive the glucose solution.
4 Which part of the brain controls breathing? The Diagram below illustrates two homologous chromosomes during meiosis. Use it to answer question 5
5. Name those points labeled i (b)What is the Importance of those in evolution? (c) what is this stage of melosis called?
Study diagrams i and ii below and use them to answer question 6
6. (a) Identify the organism illustrated in diagrams i and ii
(b) State the levels of organization of i and ii
(c) State a reason for placing i and ii in that level of organization.
Study the diagram below and use it to answer question 7
7. (a) Name the parts labeled i to iv (b) What is the function of the part labeled I?
Study the diagram below and use it to answer questions 8 (a) and (b)
8. (a) What is the set-up used for? (b) Why is the leafy shoot cut under water when setting up the environment? (c) Name the instrument used for measuring water turbidity.
9. (a) Name three methods of preventing food spoilage. Study the diagram below and use it to answer question 10 (a) and (b).
10. (a) Name the parts labeled i to iv (b) State the functions of the parts labeled ii and iv (c) In which organ in the mammalian body is urea formed?
SECTION B
Answer all questions in this section
11. (a) You are provided with specimens A and B (a) (i). Cut a piece of Specimen A, put a drop of iodine on it then record your observation.
(ii) From your observation, what food nutrient does specimen A contain? (ii) Give reasons for your answers
(b) Put a drop of specimen B on the top right hand corner of your question paper using a glass rod. Spread the drop. Clean the glass rod to remove every trace of specimen B. Allow both drops of specimen B and water to dry
(i) Record your observation (ii) From your observation, what food nutrient does specimen B contain? (ii) Give reasons for your answers.
(c) Put 4cm\(^3\) of specimen B in a test tube and add 5cm\(^3\) of water.(i) Record your observation (ii) Shake the content thoroughly and leave it for 3 minutes to settle
Record your observation.
(d) (i) Add 2cm\(^3\) of NaOH to 5cm\(^3\) of specimen B in a clean test tube. Shake thoroughly and observe the mixture. Record your observation.
(ii) What substance in the alimentary canal plays the same role during digestion in mammals as NaOH in this experiment?
12. You are provided with specimens C and D (a) Identify specimen C and D: (i) State the part to which each of the specimens C and D (ii) State two differences specimens C and D.
(b) How can you propagate specimen C? (ii) Give one reason for your answer based on observable feature of specimen C
(c) Make a labeled diagram 10-12cm long of specimen C to show its external features.
13. (a) identify specimens E and F (b) Suggest the agents of pollination of specimen E (c) Give three reasons for your suggestion in (b)
In a tabular form, State three differences specimens E and F. (e) with a sharp blade or scalpel cut a longitudinal section of specimen E to produce two equal parts of specimen E. Make a labeled drawing 10 cm to 12 cm, of one half ofspecimen E
