(a)(i) What is conservation?
(ii) State six factors responsible for the decline of the abundance and variety of wildlife.

(b) Outline six ways in which the government can improve the situation in (a)(ii) above.

(c)(i) What is Eutrophication?
(ii) State two causes of eutrophication.
 

(a) Describe the carbon cycle.

(b) State the functions of:
(i) nitrogen fixing bacteria
(ii) nitrifying bacteria
(iii) denitrifying bacteria; in nature. 
 

(a)(i) What is excretion?
(ii) List the excretory organs in humans and name one waste product excreted by each organ

(B) Name the excretory organs in:
(i) insects
(ii) earthworms. 
 

Study specimens A, B C and D carefully and use them to answer questions 1(a) to 1(d).

(a)(i) Name tne phylum to which each of specimens A and D belong. 

(ii) Name the habitat or each Specimens A and D.

 (b)(i) Name the type of reproduction common to specimens A, B, C and D.

(ii) List the method of reproduction of each of specimens A, B,C and D giving one reason each for the method of reproduction listed.

(c) In a tabular form, state three observable differences between specimens B and C.

 (d) Make a drawing 8-10 cm long of specimens A to show the essential parts and label fully.

Study specimens E, F, G1 and G2 carefully and use them to answer questions 2(a) to 2(d).

(a)(i) Name the life process in mammals that is associated with specimens E. 

(ii) State two structural similarities between the surface of specimen E and the skin of specimen F.

(b)(i) Name the habitat in which specimen F will function efficiently. 

(ii) Explain how two observable features of specimens F adapt the organism to its habitats.

 (C)(i) Using the blade provided cut a thin transverse section of the stem of specimens G add two drops of freshly prepared iodine solution to the cut section.

          Record your observation and inferences :

(ii) In which part of the stem is food stored.

(iii) Name two tissues used for transportation of materials in specimens G,

 (iv) List two supporting tissues present in specimen G,

(d) Make a drawing 10-12 cm long of a cut transverse section of the stem of specimen G, and label fully.