(a) Make a labelled diagram of the vertical section of the mammalian tooth.

(b) Describe the role of the following in mammalian nutrition: (i) teeth; (ii) tongue ; (iii) saliva; (iv) stomach .

(c) Describe how to test for protein in a food sample 

(a) With reference to the food chain, explain the role of the followings; (i) green plants; (ii) herbivores; (iii) carnivores; (iv) decomposers

(b) With the aid of diagram, describe the carbon cycle. 
 

(a) What is a cell?

(b) Describe briefly the structure of DNA.

(c) Describe the process of mitosis

(d) What is the importance of mitosis to living organisms? 
 

(a) What is a sensory cell?

(b) State one function each for the following parts of mammalian eye: (i) lens; (ii) vitreous humour; (iii) optic nerve.

(c) (i) List four structures which protect the eye from injury.
(ii)Explain briefly how each of these structures performs its function.

(d) Explain why a person in a dark room is dazzled for some seconds when he is suddenly exposed to bright sunlight. 
 

1. Name the blood vessel which carries blood away from the kidney.

2.What part of the brain controls temperature regulation in the body?

3.Name the process in mammal during which Urea is formed.

4. In the test for starch why is the green leaf boiled in (a) water; (b) alcohol?

5. Name four parts of the mammalian alimentary canal.

6 State two features which are peculiar to the atlas vertebra

7.  Name three diseases which can affect the kidney of man

8 Use the diagram below to answer questions (a) to (c) (a) (i)Name the structure illustrated above (ii) State the organ in which it is food

(b) Name the parts labeled HV (c) Name the fluid that is found within the parts of the structure labeled I - V

10. List the media of transportation of nutrients in: (a) Paramecium (c) invertebrates, (d) mammals

11. State two features which classify the rhizome as an underground stem.

                                                                                                SECTION B

Answer all the questions

12. You are provided with 10cm\(^3\) of water and a few crystals of potassium permanganate. Take two crystals with a spatula, bring the spatula close to the surface of tho water and gently drop that crystals into the water Do not stir the water or shake the test tube. (a) Carefully observe the set- up and record your observations as follows () Immediately after dropping the crystals into the water (i) after 5 minutes (ii) after 10 minutes (iv) after 15 minutes.

Copy the table below into your answer booklet and use it in recording your observations.

(b) What physical process must have given rise to the observations made? (c) State three physiological processes in organisms in which this phenomenon occurs

(ii) Why is it not advisable to stir the water or shake the beaker in this experiment?

13. (a) identify specimen. A and B (b) What type of skeleton has specimen A? (c) What is this skeleton made of? (d) From what group of animals can specimen B be collected? (e) From what part of the animal is it found? (f)(i) Make a labeled drawing 8 to 12 cm long of the anterior view of specimen B (ii) Give one function each of any three of the labeled parts.

14. Specimen C is a plant immersed in ink solution. Cut a thin cross section of the stem from at least 1 cm away from the ink mark upwards. Place the cut section in a Petri dish or transparent piece of glass or watch glass. Observe the cut section with a hand lens (a) Make a labeled drawing 8-10 cm in diameter of the cut surface to show with a distribution of tissues in the specimen (b), Shade all the stained tissues with horizontal strokes (c) Name two materials that are transported by the shaded tissues (d) Name three physical processes which help the transportation of materials from the soil to the leaf of the plant.