a) Explain each of the following terms as used in animal production:
(i)  flushing;
(ii) castration;
(iii) culling. 

(b) Mention two advantages of each of the terms in 5 (a).
(i)   Flushing;
(ii)  Castration;
(iii) Culling. 

(c) Give two uses of each of the following survey equipment:
(i) prismatic compass;
(ii) measuring tape.

(d) Differentiate between the terms floriculture and aquaculture.

(a) A farmer purchased a tractor in the year 2000 for D 12, 000.00. In 2009, the tractor was
sold for D 3,000.00 as it was no longer economical to keep. Calculate the:

(i)  useful life of the tractor;
(ii) salvage value of the tractor;
(iii) total depreciation of the tractor;
(iv) annual depreciation of the tractor.  

(b) Describe the following terms as used in agricultural economics:
(i)  demand schedule;
(ii) supply curve.  

(c) List four agricultural extension agencies in West Africa. 

(d) State four ways through which soils are enriched with nitrogen.

The diagram below illustrates an experimental set-up on soil. Study it and answer the questions that follow.

a) (i) State the aim of the experiment. 

(ii)Name the parts labelled I and II in the diagram. 

b) Describe how the experiment is carried out. 

c) State four properties of sandy soils. 

 d) Describe a test for soil acidity using litmus paper. 

Study the farm implement illustrated below and answer the questions that follow.

a) Identify the farm implement illustrated. 

(ii)Name the parts labelled I and II III IV in the diagram. 

b) State one function of each of the parts labelled I, II, III and IV.

c) Mention the farm operation for which the illustrated implement is used. 

d) List two farm tools that can perform similar functions as the illustrated implement. 

e) State three ways of maintaining the illustrated implement.

The diagrams below illustrate three different crops. 

Study them and answer the questions that follow.

a) State the method of propagating each crop. 

b) List three varieties of oil palm. 

c) Mention three diseases of okro.. 

d) State three pre-planting operations that are generally carried out when cultivating okro. 

e) List three uses of cashew.