Study specimens V (Livestock bone), W (Poultry crop) and X (Rumen) and answer the questions that follow.
(a)(i) Describe how specimen V could processed into bone meal.
(ii) Name two nutrients supplied by bone meal in animal feed.
(b) Name two farm animals from which each of specimens W and X could be obtained.
(c) State two functions of each of specimens W and X in farm animals.
(a)(i) Preparation of bone meal from specimen V (Livestock bone); (I) Collection of bones (II) Remove contaminants/clean (III) Dry bone (IV) Burn the dried bone (V) Crush/grind the burnt bones (VI) Bagging/storage of ground bones
(ii) Nutrients supplied by bone meal in animal feed; (I) Calcium (II) Phosphorous
(b) Animals from which specimens W and X could be obtained;
Specimen W (poultry crop); (i) Fowl/chicken/domestic fowl (ii)Duck (iii) Guinea fowl (iv) Turkey (v) Goose (vi) Quail (vii) Ostrich (viii) Pigeon
Spcimen X (Rumen); (i) Cattle (ii) Sheep (iii) Goat
(c) Functions of Specimen W and X in farm animals
Specimen W (Poultry crop); (i) Receives swallowed feed (ii) Temporary storage of feed (iii) Moistening of feed for easy digestion (iv) Acidification of feed
Specimen X (Rumen); (i) Temporary storage of feed (ii) Harbours microbes that biodegrade cellulose/fermentation (iii) Site for synthesis of microbial protein (iv) Site for synthesis of vitamin B complex (v) Assist in the act of rumination (vi) Site for absorption of nutrients e.g Volatile fatty accid (VFAs)
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