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1992 WAEC Agricultural Science Practical Study carefully the experimental set-ups below and use them to answe the following questions; (a)...

Agricultural Science
WAEC 1992

Study carefully the experimental set-ups below and use them to answe the following questions;

(a) What is the aim of the experiment for which the apparatus has been set-up?

(b) List the experimental set-ups in the order which as risen through the soil samples, startin with the highest.

(C) List six items of apparatus used in the experimental set-up

(d) Describe briefly the procedure used in setting up the experiment. 

(e) Why is there a difference in the set. in the water levels of the soil  samples in the set ups labelled B and C

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Explanation

(a) The aim of the experimental set up is to compare / deterrnine and measure the capillarity of rise in water of diferent types of soils.

(b) The rise in water is in the following order:

  • Specimen A- highest- loam,
  • Specimen B - higner - Clay
  • Śpecimen C-lowest- sand

(c) Apparatus used in the experimental set up are:

  • a large beaker / basin/dish/trough.
  • 3 capillary tubes/ glass tubes 
  • Soil samples A, B and C.
  • Water
  • Cotton wool
  • clamps/ retort stands

(d) Method used:

  • Take three glass tubes and plug each with cotton wool.
  • Fill each tube with dry samples of clayey, loamy and sandy soils respectively.
  • Fix the three tubes in an upright position with clamps
  • Get the three glass tubes immersed in a trough of water,
  • Allow to stand for the required time.
  • Watch the upward movement into the soil samples and record your observations,

(e) The difference in level of water in the B and C is because sample B has very fine pores which allow water to move upwards because of strong capillarity attraction while in sample C; there are large pores with low capillary attraction hence, upward moverment of water is Slow.


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