Key Features:
- No of Pages: 48
- No of Chapters: 08
Introduction:
Abstract
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Table of Content
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Introduction
Water is of the materials require to sustain life. It is naturally, available and covers 70% of the earth’s crust.
With the increasing demand of clean, potable water for domestic and industrial use, developing, locating and maintaining a cost-effective water treatment techniques is imperative.
An obvious and fundamental pollution problem at any location is waste water discharge. Most waste waters contain sanitary wastes generated by employees at the sites, streams from kitchen wastes, gutters, sewage, as well as process waste waters.
Sanitary waste water and ground water can be treated satisfactorily by the municipal waste water treatment system.
Separate treatment is also given to industrial process waste water, the contaminants in industrial discharges that ae commonly regulated include total grease (FOG) PH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and certain metals.
Water treatment or cleaning I vital for industrial and technology is to identify any pathogenic organisms, dissolve and undissolved complains that constitute hazards for the user and develop high quality, cost effective treatment procedures to meat regulated environmental protection agency (EPA), other water quality contrail agencies – NAFDAC standards and specification.
Water cleaning technology can be grouped into two, namely; Convection and Non-convectional (advance technology).
The convectional technology is the pre or post chlorination-filtration systems. The non-convectional or advance technology are the fenton chemistry technique, bio-oxidation system, membrane separation high pressure – centrifugal system and ion-exchange system.
In this context, four water cleaning techniques are discussed. The pre/post chlorination / flocculation, sediment filtration, disinfection and quality testing.
Fentoris chemistry technique uses hydrogen peroxide and an iron catalyst to destroy contaminants.
High pressure – centrifugal system which involve the use of centrifugal force of high pressure to kill pathogens and microbes in a reactor containing the unclean water. And membrane technology.
Finally, EPA standards on water quality are recommended.
1.2 SCOPE OF PROJECT
The project – water cleaning techniques is a research work to find out different water cleaning or treatment technologies employed in treating waste waters in order to raise its quality to the highest possible level for human consumption and industry use.
Three different technology are researched here which include pre/post disinfection. – filtration systems, fentou’s chemistry system and high pressure oxidation combustion. Centrifugal system EPA water quality standards are also presented.
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