Abstract

ABSTRACT
The study determined the tuberculosis cases and incidence of reported mortality
in Potiskum L.G.A, Yobe State, Nigeria. The specific objectives addressed
include: the incidences of tuberculosis in Potiskum L.G.A; the types of
tuberculosis cases in the study area; examine the incidences of reported mortality
by Tuberculosis in Potiskum L.G.A; identify the factors influencing the spread of
Tuberculosis in Potiskum L.G.A of Yobe State; determine the factors associated
with increase with increase risk of tuberculosis and determine the reported cases
of tuberculosis mortality among the respondents in the study area. Literatures
were reviewed base on specific objectives of the study and the And the sample for
the study will involve random selection of 384 people from the total of population.
The result of the study shows that 69.5% of the respondents are within the age
bracket of 20-39 years. 66.7% of the respondents are males and 33.3% of them
are females. 70.8% of the respondents are married. The result indicates that
48.1% of the respondent has Secondary school cert. and 41.7 % of them have
Diploma. 56.4% of the respondents are of the opinion that think multidrug
resistant tuberculosis is common in the area. 55.3% of the respondent said yes
extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis is also common in the area. 98.9% of
the respondents state that acute tuberculosis infection that leads to sudden death.
The study further reveals that 56.1% of the respondents are of the opinion that
Tuberculosis Cases in the area are Curable. 58.3% of them respondents states
that there is high incidences of reported mortality caused by tuberculosis in the
study area. The study shows that 80.3% of the respondents observed that the
incidences of Tuberculosis are increasing by the day in the study area. 55% of
the respondent indicates responses ranging from 200-1000 cases of mortality
caused by tuberculosis that they know in the area while 24.7% of them said
between 2000-3000. 66.7% of the respondents suggest that rapid action should
be taken to arrest the situation 88.9% of the respondents agreed that Tuberculosis
is spread to other person as airborne particles 80.6% of the respondents revealed
that overcrowding can spread tuberculosis diseases. 87.2% of the respondents
state that Delayed diagnosis can increase the risk of tuberculosis. 99.4% of the
respondent said yes Contact with TB patient can increase the risk of contacting
TB. 95.6% of the respondents agreed that a tuberculosis case in the area causes
death. 94.7% of the respondents state that there many reported case of death in
the area that is traced back to tuberculosis as the cause. 50.8% of the respondents
disagreed that people die more often as a result of tuberculosis cases in the area
Indicates that 99.2% of the respondents think that Government have to intervene
in time to avoid more cases of mortality.

Table of Content

TABLE OF CONTENT
Title Page - - - - - - - - - - -i
Citification- - - - - - - - - - -ii
Dedication- - - - - - - - - - -iii
Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - -iv
Table of Content - - - - - - - - - -v
List of Table - - - - - - - - - vii
Abstract - - - - - - - - - - viii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study- - - - - - - -1
1.2 Statement of the Problem- - - - - - - -4
1.3 Objectives of the Study- - - - - - - -5
1.4 Research Questions- - - - - - - - -6
1.5 Significant of the Study- - - - - - - -7
1.6 Scope of the study- - - - - - - - -7
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.0 Introduction- - - - - - - - - -9
2.1 Concept of Tuberculosis - - - - - - - -9
2.2 Incidences of Tuberculosis -- - - - - - -11
2.3 Types of Tuberculosis Cases - - - - - - -15
2.4 The incidences of reported mortality by Tuberculosis-- - -16
2.5 Factors Influencing the Spread of Tuberculosis- - - -19
2.6 Factors Associated with Increased Risk of Tuberculosis- - -20
2.7 Reported Mortality caused by Tuberculosis - - - - -24
2.8 Summary of Review- - - - - - - -- -28
CHARPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction- - - - - - - - - -29
3
3.1 Research Design - - - - - - - - -29
3.2 Population and Sample- - - - - - - -30
3.3 Research Instrument - - - - - - -30
3.4 Procedure of Data Collection- - - - - - -31
3.5 Method of Data Analysis- - - - - - - -31
CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION OF RESULT AND DISCUSION
4.1 Demographic Characteristics of Respondents- - - - -33
4.3 The Incidences of Reported Mortality- - - - - -33
4.4 Factors Influencing the Spread of Tuberculosis - - - -38
4.5 Factors Associated with Increase Risk of Tuberculosis- - -39
4.6 Reported Cases of Tuberculosis Mortality- - - - -40
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary- - - - - - - - - -42
5.2 Conclusion- - - - - - - - - 44
5.3 Recommendation- - - - - - - - 45
References- - - - - - - - - -45
Appendix
LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1 Demographic Characteristics- - - - - -33
4.2 Types of Tuberculosis Cases- - - - - - -35
Table 4.3 Incidences of Reported Mortality- - - - - -36
Table 4.4 Factors Influencing the Spread of TB- - - - -38
Table 4.5 Increase Risk of Tuberculosis- - - - - -39
Table 4.6 Cases of Tuberculosis Mortality - - - - - -40

Introduction

INTRODUCTION
• Background of the Study
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne disease which is very contagious Global
Tuberculosis Report (GTR, 2013). The World Health Organization (WHO)
(2011) estimates that even though one-third of the world's population is infected
with the bacteria that cause TB. But it transmission essentially can be prevented
through adequate ventilation and limited contact with patients (WHO, 2011).
Many people who are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and do
not get sick or spread the bacteria to others are considered to have TB case known
as latent TB. The National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme
(NTLCPAR, 2008) observed that Diluting and removing contaminated air by
using general ventilation can prevent tuberculosis contamination. In countries
where tuberculosis is more common, infants often are vaccinated with bacillus
Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine because it can prevent severe tuberculosis in
children (Great Britain Medical Research Council) (GBMRC, 1963). The BCG,
or bacille Calmette-Guerin, is a vaccine for preventing tuberculosis (TB) disease.
BCG vaccine is not recommended for general use among all age categories of
people because it is not very effective in adults (GBMRC, 1963). Many foreignborn babies have been BCG-vaccinated. BCG is used in many countries with a
high prevalence of TB to prevent childhood tuberculous meningitis and miliary
disease (Rao et al. 1999).
6
TB preventive measures should be based on a careful assessment of risk
for transmission of TB in the facility or setting. The goals of effective TB
prevention programs are to: detect TB disease early and promptly, Isolate those
who have or are suspected of having TB disease (airborne precautions) and Treat
people who have or who are suspected of having TB disease. The prevention of
tuberculosis transmission in health-care settings requires that all of the following
basic approaches be used: prevention of the generation of infectious airborne
particles (droplet nuclei) by early identification and treatment of persons with
tuberculous infection and active tuberculosis, prevention of the spread of
infectious droplet nuclei into the general air circulation by applying sourcecontrol methods, reduction of the number of infectious droplet nuclei in air
contaminated with them, and surveillance of health-care-facility personnel for
tuberculosis and tuberculous infection.
The types of TB preventive measures include the following:

Prevalence Of Tuberculosis Cases And Incidences Of Reported Mortality In Potiskum LGA Yobe State Nigeria

Key Features

Table of Content

Introduction