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- No of Pages: 62

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Introduction:

Abstract

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Table of Content

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Introduction

2.0 SIWES EXPERIENCE

During my period of stay in WEAFRI, I was posted to two departments: QHSES and Coiled tubing.



2.1 QHSES DEPARTMENT

QHSES is an acronym for Quality, Health, Safety, Environmental and Security, this department is otherwise called Safety Department. This department is responsible for the enforcement of the company’s HSE and quality policies.

2.1.1 WEAFRI’S HEALTH, SAFETY, ENVIRONMENTAL & SECURITY (HSES) POLICY.

It is the policy of WEAFRI through adoption and practice of safe operating methods and procedures, to conduct its activities in such a manner that the HEALTH and SAFETY of its employees, customers representatives and third parties are safeguarded and due attention is paid to the protection of the ENVIRONMENT. The Company's goal is "Service without Accident or Injury".

WEAFRI recognises that conducting its business with proper regard to the Health and Safety of persons and protection of the Environment is of greatest importance, ranking equal to sales, quality and profits and that no job is so important that it cannot be performed safely.

Consequently, WEAFRI is committed to the establishment and maintenance of working conditions and practice that will contribute to the vital necessity of protecting human life from harm and danger and property from damage and loss.



2.1.2 SAFETY INDUCTION

Safety induction is a program carried out for all new employees and interns, this program introduces the new intakes to the system of operation of the company and the basic safety rules to be adhered to in the base and beyond to avoid hazard and incidents during job. Safety of employees is of utmost importance to the company as well as the maintenance and safe operating procedure in the company is of benefit far beyond any resulting naira savings.

Also, the acceptance and practice of fundamental safety principles by management and employees is to reduce personal accidents and injuries to a minimum. It is the policy of the company that all the accidents and injuries can be prevented by employees by taking safety responsibility to work safely and avoid injury to himself and fellow employees not only in the field but also off the job and at home.

To meet these responsibility staffs must:

a. Follow safe procedures, methods, and all applicable requirements

b. Be alert to regulatory requirements

c. Suggest improvements in methods of doing work and guarding against unsafe conditions

d. maintain good house keeping

e. apply safety “know-how” to off job activities and at home



2.1.3 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Some potential hazards in the work places cannot be totally eliminated therefore; personal protective equipment is required to be used by employees to protect them from these potential hazards. In general, you are required to wear:

1. Steel toed shoes or boots, except when in offices and locker rooms.

2. An approved hard hat anytime when work is being performed at well sites, on barges, and offshore platforms, or where overhead falling objects hazards exist.

3. Safety glasses at district yard, well site, maintenance shop, manufacturing shop, labs, warehouse, barges, and offshore platforms. Note: Clear lenses must be worn when it is dark or inside of buildings.

4. Chemical resistant gloves and acid proof aprons when handling any material capable of damaging skin tissue.

5. Safety goggles or face shield when working around liquid or dry chemicals, metal grinders, chisels, drills, power tools, and when wearing contact lenses.

6. A welding helmet (Face shield) with the appropriate filter plate lens when cutting or welding.

7. Vehicle safety belts when driving or riding in any company vehicle.

8. A full body harness with an eight foot lanyard connected off to a structural member or life line system when 8 feet or more above the work surface.

9. Ear protection when any pump or auxiliary equipment engine is running at operating speed or when on a job location where WEAFRI or other companies have pumping equipment running at operating speed. When well head gas is being blown down to release gas pressure.



2.1.4 SAFE HANDLING OF CHEMICALS (SHOC)

SHOC is all about chemicals safety, chemical hazard information and communication. Employees must be given information, instruction and training on the safe use of all chemicals in use.

Chemicals are necessary to perform many jobs. However, if they are not handled properly, they can present a hazard to health safety. The Hazard Communication Standard (HAZCOM) has been developed to inform employees of workplace chemical hazards. Under the HAZCOM rule, employees have the right to know about the hazards in their workplace and how to protect themselves against these hazards.

There are two basic types of chemicals hazards

> Physical hazards

> Health hazards

Chemicals are classified as having physical hazards if they are

 Explosive

 Compressed gas

 Combustible liquids

 Flammable

 Unstable

 Water reactive

 Oxidizers

Chemicals are classified as being a health hazard if they are

 Can cause cancer

 Are poisonous

 Cause harm to your skin, internal organs or nervous system

 Are corrosive such as acids

 Chemicals can enter the body through:

1. The lungs

2. The skin

3. The mouth

4. Accidental swallowing

5. Contact with contaminated sharps or through open wounds



Safe handling of chemicals could be done through the following ways:

Proper Labeling of Chemicals: Labeling of chemicals provide information on identity, hazards and safe use. All chemicals are labeled by the manufacturers and some additional labels by the company using the chemicals, if chemicals are placed in another containers, the new containers must have a label placed on it and labeled properly. Pictures can also be used to identify hazards and required protection.

Proper Storage of Chemicals:

I. Chemicals that are not compatible must be stored in separate areas

II. Limit the amount of flammable materials to the minimum needed

III. Store flammable liquids in approved flammable storage lockers

IV. Store acids in spate flammable storage lockers

V. Do not store chemicals in refrigerator used for food storage

VI. Do not store food in refrigerators used in chemical storage

Protecting Oneself by Using Personal Protective Equipment:

I. Personal protective equipment may be used to protect oneself from chemical hazards

II. Use the PPE the company required for each chemicals

III. The PPE must be checked for damages and duly replaced

IV. The use of shield and goggles if there is a splash hazard, proper respirator for dusts, mists and fumes.

Safe Disposal of Chemicals:

I. Each chemicals and container must be disposed of properly

II. In the warehouse no container is truly empty unless properly cleaned.

III. At all times MSDS policy should always be consulted while disposing chemicals

IV. Hazardous chemicals should always be recycled when not used and should not be dumped in a normal trash cans



2.2 COILED TUBING DEPARTMENT

Coiled Tubing (CT) has been defined as any continuously-milled tubular product manufactured in lengths that require spooling onto a take-up reel, during the primary milling or manufacturing process. The tube is nominally straightened prior to being inserted into the wellbore and is recoiled for spooling back onto the reel. Tubing diameter normally ranges from 0.75 in. to 4 in., and single reel tubing lengths in excess of 30,000 ft. have been commercially manufactured. Common CT steels have yield strengths ranging from 55,000 PSI to 120,000 PSI.







2.2.1 History of Coiled Tubing

The development of coiled tubing as we know it today dates back to the early 1960's, and it has become an integral component of many well service and workover applications. While well service/workover applications still account for more than 75% of CT use, technical advancements have increased the utilization of CT in both drilling and completion applications. The ability to perform remedial work on a live well was the key driver associated with the development of CT. To accomplish this feat, three technical challenges had to be overcome:

 A continuous conduit capable of being inserted into the wellbore (CT string).

 A means of running and retrieving the CT string into or out of the wellbore while under pressure (injector head).

 A device capable of providing a dynamic seal around the tubing string (stripper assembly or packoff device).







A complete CTU circuit



2.2.2 TYPES OF COILED TUBING UNITS (CTUs)

CTUs are used for a wide range of applications in many different types of environments. For some land operations, CTUs are driven to location on standard paved roads, while in other locations they may be driven through harsh conditions, such as the Arctic or the desert.

Offshore, conditions range from platforms to jack-up rigs to deepwater drilling rigs and swamp barges. Different CTU designs have evolved to cater for different environments.

Furthermore, some CTUs have been adapted to meet the needs of specific CT applications, such as CT drilling. CTUs are often described as either three‑piece or four-piece units, depending on their configuration.



A three-piece unit is made up of

 integrated power pack and control cabin

 CT reel

 injector head.



A four-piece unit is made up of

 power pack

 control cabin

 reel

 injector head.



2.2.2.1 Land Operations

WEAFRI uses the following CTUs specifically designed for land use.

Paved road trucks: These trucks can legally operate on roads in the operating area. Typically, in paved road trucks, a crane supports the injector head.



Paved Road Trailer-Based CTU



Mobile mast units: These units are equipped with a mast rather than a crane to support the injector head. The mast allows lifting and stabilizing tools, and running pressure-control and other equipment. One type of mast is the specially developed CTX* CT Express unit, which allows highly efficient rig-up times.

Off-road trucks: These trucks are smaller and have all-wheel drive. They can work in remote areas such as deserts.