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No. of pages: 37
No. of chapters: 3

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Abstract:

Nigerian Geology is made up of three litho-petrologic units; Basement complex, sedimentary Basins and the Younger Granite complexes.
The Basement complex of Nigeria has been subjected to multiple episodes of thermotectonic events during which sedimentary rocks were metamorphosed and reactivated by subsequent episodes. The thermotectonics took place during the Liberian (2800 + 200Ma), the Eburnean (2200 + 150Ma), the Kibaran (1100 + 150Ma) and the Pan African (600 + 150Ma). The lithology of the basement complex is divided into three major lithological units which also Nasarawa state. They include: Polymetamorphic Migmatite-Gneiss Complex, Metasediments and Older Granite suite. The other two rocks either intruded (Younger Granites) or are deposited (sedimentary) on it. This constitutes about 50% of the total rocks in Nigeria.
Younger Granites (YG) include granites, alkali-feldspar granites and minor granodiorites. They are of I- and A-type granites and of post-orogenic to anorogenic tectonic settings. The majority of the YG are alkaline, A-type granite and of within-plate tectonic setting (WPG). Economic potential amounts in the tin (cassiterite) mineralisation which is mainly associated with the biotite granites. These rocks also contain significant quantities of the niobium-rich mineral columbite as an accessory.

Table of Content:

CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO GEOLOGY OF NIGERIA
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF GEOLOGY OF NIGERIA
1.3 GENERAL GEOLOGY OF THE YOUNGER GRANITE
1.3.1 DISTRIBUTION OF THE RING COMPLEXES IN NIGERIA
1.3.2 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE RING COMPLEXES
1.3.3 STRUCTURAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE RING COMPLEXES
1.3.4 GEOCHRONOLOGY OF THE YOUNGER GRANITE
1.3.5 PETROGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
1.3.6 GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE YOUNGER GRANITE
1.3.7 ECONOMIC POTENTIAL (MINERALIZATION)
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 GENERAL GEOLOGY OF THE BASEMENT COMPLEX OF NIGERIA
2.1.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE MIGMATITE GNEISS COMPLEX OF NASARAWA STATE
2.1.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE SCHIST BELT IN NASARAWA STATE
2.1.3 THE STRUCTURAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE BASEMENT ROCKS IN NASARAWA STATE
2.1.4 ECONOMIC POTENTIAL (MINERALIZATION)
2.1.5 COMPARISON OF THE OLDER AND YOUNGER GRANITE
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 CONCLUSION
3.2 RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES

Introduction:

The Regional Geology of Nigeria is made up of three major geological components which include the Pre-Cambrain Basement Complex (>+600 Ma), the Jurassic Granites (200+145) and Sedimentary Basins (< 145 Ma) which are of Cretaceous to Recent in age (Fig. 1.1). The Geology of Nigeria is dominated by crystalline and sedimentary rocks, both occurring approximately in equal proportions (Woakes, et´ al., 1987)...