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- No of Pages: 90

- No of Chapters: 05

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Introduction:

Abstract

For the country Nigeria, the years 1999-2003 was years of great suffering caused by ethic crises. In the Northern part of the country, the ethnic conflict between the Muslims and Christians was climaxed with the introduction of shaira law in some Northern States. At the Southern part of Nigeria also a lot of ethic crisis has been witnesses among the various ethic conflict that blew across Nigeria between 1999 – 2003, which has left in its trail unprecedented human, economic, social and ecological disasters. Exacerbating this is the public perception that the government has been insensitive and slow in addressing fundamental issues affecting Nigeria, such as poverty alleviation, resource distribution, infrastructural development and security. An air of anxiety and uncertainty continues to pervade the Nigeria society despite the democratic administration that is in place. In view of these, this work was carried out to look at those factors that have been responsible for the various ethic upheavals that have plagued the country since the new democratic era. It is believed that these factors which ranges from class struggles, economic inequality and the incompatibility in political and economic allocations have intensified the occurrence of ethic conflict in the country, thereby hampering the national cohesion and stability in the country. Thus, the resultant effect is the level of underdeveloped and insecurity that is prevalent in Nigeria.



This work was solely undertaken to rescue Nigeria from the strange hold of ethnic conflict.



It is our conviction that we can diffuse ethnic tensions by educating the ruling class and the masses alike on the need to place humanity and nationality above ethnicity and to resist the urge to mobilize ethic sentiments for destructive ends.



For it is only when the country is stable that it will attract investors, since nobody or cooperation will like to invest in a trouble nation.

Table of Content

CHAPTER ONE



Introduction



1.0 Introduction



1.1 Background of the Study



1.2 Statement of the Problem



1.3 Objectives of the Study



1.4 Scope and Limitation of the study



1.5 Significance of the study



1.6 Theoretical Framework



1.7 Hypothesis



1.8 Definition of Terms



1.9 Highlights of Olusegun Obasanjor'

CHAPTER TWO



2.0 Review of related literature



2.1 Introduction



2.2 Theoretical Framework



CHAPTER THREE



3.0 Research Methodology



3.1 Research Design



3.2 Method of data collection



3.3 Sampling Techniques



3.4 Data Analysis Technique



CHAPTER FOUR

Data Presentation and Analysis



4.1 Data Presentation

CHAPTER FIVE



5.0 Summary, conclusion and recommendation



5.1 Summary



5.2 Conclusion



5.3 Recommendation



Bibliography



Questionnaires

Introduction

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY



Our country Nigeria was created by the British colonialist who performed the task of bringing the various ethnic nationalities together in 1914 to form a single nation state, right from creation Nigeria has been a plural society made up of three major groups of Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba, while the minority groups include, Efik, Igala, Tiv, Jukun, Urhobo, Ijaw, Ibibio etc, infact, recent studies puts the figure at about 374 ethic groups (Otite, 1990:26).



Thus, consequent upon the cultural heterogeneity of Nigeria, there has aroused though times of different kinds of ethnic conflict. This conflict had at times, pitched the Hausa’ against the Igbo’s in a very violent conformation. The introduction of Sharia legal system in the North them cause serious conflict in some state in the North equally in the southern part of the country, the Yoruba and the Hausa have also confronted each violently.



There are also evidence of the various intra-ethnic conflicts witnessed among the minority groups, like the lfe-modake, TIV, Jukun, and the constant clashes that has become a daily occurrence in the Niger Delta regions of the country. The various conflicts that have taken place shows that the unity of the country is at stake.



On May 29, 1999, Olusegun Obasajo was sworn in as Nigerian democratically elected President since 1983 four years into the democratic experiment, Nigeria continues to face economic, political and social uncertainties. Flash points of ethnics communal religions and resources conflict persist the economic environment is unstable. The Niger Delta crisis has get to be resolute, and environmental degradation in oil producing regions remains a problems. Exacerbating this is the public perception that the government has been insensitive and slow in addressing fundamental issues affecting Nigerians such as poverty alleviation resource distribution, infrastructural development and security. An air of uncertainty continues to pervade the Nigeria society, thereby negating the maximum utilization of both the abundant human and material resources in the country for the total development of socio-political and economic sectors of the nation. As Rot child (1969:54) said “ethnic conflicts has a clear chance of following the part to a serious imbalance or disjunction between order and development at any level of the social structures.



Although, various policies has been made to address the problems posed by ethnic conflicts to the country, both by the colonists and the indigenous post colonial leaders. It seems that their main objectives have been to contain and not to eliminate ethnic conflicts. This is for the mere fact that the Nigerian state has regularly been part and parcel of ethnic crisis, as a result of its ethnically, discriminatory policies and more specifically because of the ethnic coloration of those who controls or dominate it. Nigeria is at cross read, ethnic crisis has been a great hindrance to our national stability the consequence of breaking the country are hard to imaging likewise the prospect another civil war which is more dreadful sand (1994:10) asserted that ;the greatest problem of Nigeria nationhood is ethnic consciousness. This study was undertaken against the background of the renewed ethic groups. Even in the current democratic government where all is expected to contribute to the overall development of the nation.