Using the diagram as a guide, carry out the following instructions:
(b)i. State the laws of refraction of light.
ii. Explain what is meant by the statement the refractive index of a material is 1.65.
Table of values
i° | \(\theta\) | Cos\(\theta\) | Sin i |
5° | 81° | 0.156 | 0.087 |
10° | 74° | 0.276 | 0.174 |
15° | 69° | 0.358 | 0.259 |
20° | 61° | 0.484 | 0.342 |
25° | 51° | 0.629 | 0.423 |
Slope = \(\frac{x_{2}-x_{1}}{y_{2}-y_{1}}\) = \(\frac{0.6-0.1}{0.4-0.05} = \frac{0.5}{0.35}\) = 1.43
Precautions:
(b)i. The first law of refraction of light states that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal ray at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane. The second law of refraction of light states that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is a constant for the media concerned.
i.e, \(\frac{\text {Sin i}}{\text {Sin r}}\) = a constant
(i1) The statement, "the refractive index of a material is 1.65" means that the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the medium is numerically equal to 1.65.
i.e; Refractive index (n) = \(\frac{\text {speed of light in vacuum}}{\text {speed of light in the medium}}\) = 1.65
The refractive index of any medium depends on the wavelength of the incident light.
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