Explanation

Qada'.
Qaḍā' Prayer or Missed Prayer (opposite to ada' prayer or punctual prayer) is any prayer which is performed outside of its proper time. Since there are wajib (obligatory) and mustahab (recommended) prayers, qada' prayers are also divided into wajib and mustahab. The qada' of prayers which are missed by a menstruating woman should not be performed. If someone dies while he was obliged to perform certain qada' prayers, someone else can perform them on his behalf.

Fidyah
In Ramadan if a person is unable to fast because he is elderly or sick with no hope of recovery, then he is not obliged to fast. Instead he should feed one poor person for each day (Fidyah)
 

Kaffarah
When literally translated from Arabic, Kaffarah is a general term which means "what is paid to redress an imbalance or to compensate for commissioning a sinful act, i.e. a kind of punishment or penalty".

Kaffarah can be paid for many different sins, yet during Ramadan, it is a payment made when there has been a deliberate and completely avoidable failure to partake in a Muslim's religious obligations.

In the Holy month of Ramadan, it is the obligation of every able Muslim to abstain from food and drink between the hours of sunrise and sunset. This comes to an end with the celebration of Eid ul-Fitr.

If a fast is missed or broken because it was unavoidable, Fidya must be paid. Acceptable reasons to break a fast include:

Travel
health
Menstruation
Deliberately breaking a fast for any other reason means that a Muslim
must pay Kaffarah to stay holy and righteous in the eyes of Allah (SWT).

Suhur
Sahūr is the meal consumed early in the morning by Muslims before fasting (sawm), before dawn during or outside the Islamic month of Ramadan. The meal is eaten before fajr prayer. Sahur is matched to iftar as the evening meal, during Ramadan, replacing the traditional three meals a day (breakfast, lunch and dinner), although in some places dinner is also consumed after iftar later during the night.
 

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