Explanation

(a) Foreign policy is the principles, guidelines and strategy adopted by a country in conducting her relationship with other states while pursuing her national interest.

(b)i. Africa centred: Africa is regarded as the centre-piece of Nigerian foreign policy

ii. Historical/Colonial background and experience

iii. Types of government e.g. military or democratic government

iv. Population: large size and the quality of human resources of Nigeria affect her foreign policy

v Ideological disposition of the leaders: Nigeria relates more with those countries that share similar ideologies

vi. The economic resources available to Nigeria e.g mineral resources and agricultural products

vii. Commitment to international laws, treaties and conventions

viii. Public opinion on issues can bring changes in government's foreign policy

ix. The industrial strength of Nigeria influences her choice of trading partners

x. Membership and commitment to international organisations

xi. The military strength of Nigeria e.g. the size and quality of the army influence her foreign policy

xii. The activities of interest/pressure groups influence Nigeria's foreign policy

xiii. Geographical location influences Nigeria's foreign policy

xiv. The desire for foreign investments and overseas market

xv. The personality of the leaders 
xvi. National interest of Nigeria

xvii. Religious and ethnic factors

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