Explanation

(a) Characteristics of democracy

i. Respect for fundamental human rights

ii. Tolerance of varied views

iii. Operation of an Impartial electoral body

iv. Decentralization of powers

v. Respect for the principled of rule of law

vi. Freedom of association and groups

vii. Popular sovereignty/majority rule

viii. Possibility of changing government

ix. Eligibility to hold office

x. Representative government

xi. Party system

xii. Popular elections

xiii. Periodic Elections

xiv. Impartial Judiciary

xv. Constitutional governance

(b) Ways by which the practice of democracy can contribute to national development

i. Democracy promotes transparency and accountability

ii. It promotes rule of law and constitutionalism

iii. it engenders peace and unity

iv. Democracy makes it possible for the opposition to be heard

v. It leads to employment generation

vi. It encourages free choice of political leaders

vii. It facilitates effective participation of citizens in governance

viii. Democracy guarantees periodic elections to ensure smooth transition of government

ix. Democracy allows people's participation in politics

x. It allows for a smooth process of political participation 
 

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