Chemistry
JAMB 1988
Which of the following will produce the greatest increase in the rate of the chemical reaction represented by the equation Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCI(aq) + H2O(I) + SO2(g) + S(g)?
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A.
A decrease in temperature and an increase in the concentration of the reactants
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B.
An increase in the temperature and a decrease in the cocentration of the reactants
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C.
An increase in temperature and an increase in the concentration of the reactants
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D.
A decrease in the temperature and a decrease in the concentration of the reactants
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
The rate of a chemical reaction is governed by the frequency and energy of collisions between reactant particles (Collision Theory). For the reaction between sodium thiosulfate( Na\(_2\)S\(_2\)O\(_3\)) and hydrochloric acid,(HCl). The rate is optimized by the following factors:
- Increasing the temperature increases the average kinetic energy of the particles.
- Higher collision frequency: Particles move faster and collide more often.
- Greater collision energy: A larger fraction of particles possess energy equal to or greater than the activation energy, leading to more effective collisions.
- Effect of Concentration: Increasing the concentration of the reactants increases the number of particles per unit volume.
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