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In the Rutherford scattering experiment, a beam of alpha particles was fired at a thin...

Physics
WAEC 2023

In the Rutherford scattering experiment, a beam of alpha particles was fired at a thin gold film and few of the particles were deflected considerably. This shows that the nucleus of an atom

  • A. is positively charged and is concentrated in a tiny volume
  • B. contains protons and electrons distributed in a tiny volume.
  • C. is concentrated in a tiny volume and contains alpha particles.
  • D. is distributed in a tiny volume and emits alpha particles.
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Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation

The Rutherford scattering experiment showed that the nucleus of an atom:
is concentrated in a tiny volume and is positively charged.
In the experiment, when alpha particles were fired at a thin gold foil, most of the alpha particles passed straight through, but a few were deflected considerably. This result led Rutherford to conclude that the positive charge of the atom is concentrated in a small, dense nucleus at the center of the atom. The fact that some alpha particles were deflected strongly indicated that there was a positively charged nucleus within the atom. This experiment was crucial in developing our understanding of atomic structure and led to the model of the atom with a central nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.


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NECO June/July 2024 - Get offline past questions & answers - Download objective & theory, all in one app 48789
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Post-UTME Past Questions - Original materials are available here - Download PDF for your school of choice + 1 year SMS alerts
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Post-UTME Past Questions - Original materials are available here - Download PDF for your school of choice + 1 year SMS alerts
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