(a) Explain: (i) nuclear fission; (ii) nuclear fusion.

(b)(i) State three applications of atomic energy.

(ii) Define State. life.

(iii) Give the expression that relates the halflife, T, and the decay constant, X, of a radioactive material.

(c) A radioactive element X with atomic number 88 and mass number 226 emits in succession:

(i) an alpha particle, (ii) a beta particle and (iii) gamma radiation. Explain, using equations where necessary, the changes that take place in the atomic structure of the element at each stage.