(a) Explain the following terms:

(i) mass defect;

(ii) binding energy of a nucleus.

 

(b)(i) Assuming the wave nature of an electron, what is the effect of decreasing the speed of a photoelectron on its; (\(\alpha\)) wavelength? (\(\beta\)) energy?

(ii) A particle of friasS 4.4 x 10\(^{-23}\) kg moves with a velocity of 10\(^5\)ms\(^{-1}\). Calculate its wavelength. (h = 6.6 x 10\(^{-34}\) Js)

The diagram above shows part of a radioactive decay series. Use it to answer the following questions.

(i) Name a pair of isotopes.

(ii) Name the isotopes with which the series starts.

(iii) Write down a nuclear equation for two ekgmples of each of: (\(\alpha\)) alpha decay; (\(\beta\)) beta decay.