What is the gravitational potential due to a molecule of mass, m and at a distance, r from it? (G = gravitational constant).
The gravitational potential (often denoted as V or φ) due to a single point mass m (such as a molecule treated as a point mass) at a distance r from it is given by:
V = - \(\frac{\text{G m}}{\text{r}}\)
Where: G is the gravitational constant, m is the mass of the molecule, r is the distance from the center of the molecule to the point where the potential is being evaluated. The negative sign is conventional: gravitational potential is zero at infinity and becomes more negative (lower) as you get closer to the mass.
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