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If a number is selected at random from each of the sets p = {1,...

Mathematics
WAEC 2014

If a number is selected at random from each of the sets p = {1, 2, 3} and Q = {2, 3, 5}, find the probability that the sum of the numbers is prime

  • A. \(\frac{5}{9}\)
  • B. \(\frac{4}{9}\)
  • C. \(\frac{1}{3}\)
  • D. \(\frac{2}{9}\)
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Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation

To find the probability that the sum of a randomly selected number from \( P = \{1, 2, 3\} \) and \( Q = \{2, 3, 5\} \) is prime:

Possible sums:
   1 + 2 = 3 \(\text{prime})\)
   1 + 3 = 4 \(\text{not prime})\)
   1 + 5 = 6 \(\text{not prime})\)
   2 + 2 = 4\(\text{not prime})\)
   2 + 3 = 5 \(\text{prime})\)
   2 + 5 = 7 \(\text{prime})\)
   3 + 2 = 5 \(\text{prime})\)
   3 + 3 = 6 \(\text{not prime})\)
   3 + 5 = 8\(\text{not prime})\)

Prime sums: \( 3, 5, 5, 7 \) (total: 4 favorable outcomes).

Total outcomes: \( 3 \times 3 = 9 \).

Probability:
   \(P = \frac{4}{9}\)

Thus, the probability that the sum is prime is \(\frac{4}{9}\)


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Post-UTME Past Questions - Original materials are available here - Download PDF for your school of choice + 1 year SMS alerts