Explanation

(a) List Crops that are Cultivated Under Bush Fallowing System of Farming in Nigeria: - Cassava -yam -potato - -cocoyam - cabbage - okra -pepper -tomato -maize -rice -millet - sorghum -groundnut - ginger - cotton
(b) Outline Characteristics of Bush Fallowing System of Farming in Nigeria:- A feature of tropical agriculture -Crops grown for subsistence e.g. maize, yam etc. Use of simple/crude implements - Small farm sizes/communal ownership - Involves mixed cropping - Dependent on climate - Farmlands are usually left to fallow between 2 and 5 years -Slash and burn method used for land preparation -Usually without chemical fertilizers -Usc of family labour -family settlement is permanent-Usually practiced without pesticides and herbicides -Low yield per hectare - Fallow period depends on soil exhaustion-Practiced in rural communities with vast land - support low population density -Less capital intensive -Annual/ perennial/seasonal crops grown -tree crops/cash crops are not planted -Practiced where population is low -Farmland abandoned when crop yield is low -Division of labour between sexes in the family -Pests and diseases are not controlled.
(c) Highlight Disadvantages of Bush Fallowing System of Farming in Nigeria:- Burning destroys soil organisms -Clearing destroys timber/forest resources -Destruction of the soil structure -Farm size are small -Output is low -Requires much human energy -Cannot be practiced in areas of high population density -requires multiple expanses of land holdings by families/ Fragmentation -Exposes the soil to erosion -Cultivation of only one set of crops annually -Leads to wastage of land -Difficulty in mechanized farming -Cash crops/tree crops are not cultivated -Unreliable family labour-Non production of industrial raw materials - Limited income to farmers -Easy spread of pests and diseases -Leads to soil exhaustion -Mono cropping.

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