Explanation

(a) Climate is the average weather condition of a place taken over a long period of time usually between 30 - 40 years.

(b) temperature decreases from equatorial regions to poles, band of rays from the sun falls vertically over the equatorial region. This band travels through a very short distance at the same time, this band falls or heat up a smaller surface area, this results in the equatorial regions being hotter , the sun's rays fall obliquely on the surface in the temperature latitudes, this band travels a longer distance and much of the heat is lost to clouds, water vapour and dust particles, the rays in the temperate latitudes heat up a larger area than that of the tropics, this results in the temperate latitudes having lower temperatures

(c) Lapse rate is 6.5ºC for every 1000m of ascent.
6000m will have a lapse rate of (6.5 X 6000)ºC 1000 = 39ºC
temperature at sea level = 40ºC
temperature at height 6000m will be (40 - 39)ºC = 1ºC

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