Explanation

(a) imaginary lines running from east to west on the surface of the earth OR angular distance of a point on the earth's surface, measured in degrees from the centre of the earthnorth or south of the equator.

(b) both lines are imaginary lines, both lines are angular distances, both lines are measured in degrees from the centre of the earth, both lines are used to calculate distances of places, both lines contain great circles

(c) Lines of longitudes, run from north to south while lines of latitudes run from east  to west, all opposite lines of longitudes form great circles while the equator is the only latitude which forms a great circle. All lines of latitudes are parallel while lines of longitudes converge at the poles, lines of latitude decrease in length from the equator towards the pole while all lines of longitudes are of equal length, lines of longitudes increase in value from the equator towards the pole while lines of longitudes increase in value eastwards and westwards of the greenwich meridian

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