(a) Explain the following terms; (i)Rotation of the earth (ii)Revolution of the earth (iii)Equinox
(b) Outline three effects of the revolution of the earth.
(ai) Rotation of the earth- the movement of the earth on its axis, the earths rotates in an anti-clockwise direction, the earth rotates from west to east, the speed of rotation is approximately 4.7 km per second at the equator 2.3 km per second at latitude 60°, earth completes its rotation in 24hours.
(ii) Revolution of the earth- movement of the earth around the sun earth takes 365¼ days to complete a revolution. The path along which the earth revolves is callled the orbit, the orbit is elliptical and oval shaped, average distance between the earth and the sun is 148,800.008 km. Revolving earth is inclined at an angle of 66¹/²° to the plain of the ecliptic
(iii) Equinox- equal day and equal night all over the world , occurs twice a year , march 21st and september 23rd. Mid day sun is directly overhead at equator, maybe in the spring autumn, in northern hemisphere, spring Equinox occurs on march 21st, in southern hemisphere, spring Equinox occurs on september 23rd.
(b) Effects of the revolution of the earth- marking of thr year causes change in seasons, changes in the altitude of the mi-day sum, varying lengths of day and night.
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