(a) Draw an outline map of Africa. On the map, locate and name,
(i) one are important for the mining of each of coal, diamond and Old;
(ii) one important town in two of the areas in (a)(i) above
(b) Highlight three ways in which the minerals in (a)(i) above are of economic importance to Africa.
(c) Outline two problems associated with mining in Africa.
(a)

(b) IMPORTANCE OF MINERALS
(i) Foreign exchange to government.
(ii) income to miners.
(iii) Provision of energy.
(iv) Revenue to government.
(v) Provision of employment.
(vi) Improvement in the standard of living.
(vii) Provision of raw materials for industries.
(viii) Jewelry for ornament.
(x) Acquisition of technological skills.
(x) Development of related industries such as refinery.
(xi) Growth of towns
(c) PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH MINING IN AFRICA
(1) Environmental hazard.
(2) Low level of technology.
(3) Inadequate capital.
(4) Causes pollution.
(5) High cost of mining.
(6) Communal conflict.
(7) Poor transport facilities.
(8) Shortage of skilled manpower.
(9) Industrial unrest.
(10) Fluctuation in world prices.
(11) Difficult terrain.
(12) Outdated topographical maps.
(13) Sabotage in some areas.
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