Explanation

(a) Distinguish between "Meridians and Parallels"

(i) Meridians are lines of longitude while Parallels are lines of latitude.

(ii) Meridian are drawn from North to South while Parallels are drawn from West to East.

(iii) The distance between two Meridians decreases towards the poles while for the Parallels the distance is constant.

(iv) Meridians have equal length in circumferences while Parallels have different length.

(v) Meridians meet at the poles while Parallels never meet.

(vi) Meridians are marked 0° — 180 East and West of the Greenwich while Parallels are marked 0° — 90° North and South of the equator.

(vii) All Meridians form part of a great circle while only one latitude — the equator is a great circle.

(viii) The equator is a point of reference of all lines of latitude whereas the Greenwich is a reference point of the longitudes.

(ix) Meridians are used to calculate time while Parallels are used to calculate distance.

(b) The difference in longitude between New Zealand and Nigeria. i.e. 150° - 15° = 135° using the formula. 1° is equivalent to 4 minutes; 15° is equivalent to 1 hour. °
Therefore 135  x 1hr. = 9hrs. 15°

Since Nigeria is behind New Zealand subtract from New Zealand time to get Nigeria's time. i.e. Initial time - calculated hour
Therefore 4 p.m - 9 hours (16 hours 9 hours)
= 7.00am Saturday. 
 

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