Explanation

(a)(i) How improved medical care affected world population:- It has helped to increase population through

(i) knowledge of the causes of infectious diseases and how to prevent them

(ii) Provision of improved health service through availability of well-trained medical personnel

(iii) Knowledge of better sanitation

(iv) Reduced infant mortality rate as a result of better care.

(a)(ii) How advanced technology and industry affected world population. It has led to increased population through:

(i) Modernization of Agriculture, leading to plentiful and varied food supply

(ii) The use of fertilizers from industries ensures the availability of food hence increase in population.

(iii) Provision of storage and processing - facilities ensure the availability of food (either raw or processed form) all year round

(iv) Knowledge of prevention ar control of pests and diseases which helps to increase food production

(v) Provision of consumable goods from industries which ensure high standard of living.

(b) Four factors which account for the high density of population in Java are:

(i) Presence of rich volcanic soil (i.e tr soil is very fertile)

(ii) Abundance of rainfall which ensures smooth agricultural activities

(iii) Intensive agricultural activities attract people to the area (they grow 2-3 crops in a year)

(iv) Favourable climate conducive for intensive farming 
 

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