\(f(x) = (x^{2} + 3)^{2}\) is defines on the set of real numbers, R. Find the gradient of f(x) at x = \(\frac{1}{2}\).
\(f(x) = (x^{2} + 3)^{2}\)
Using the chain rule, \(\frac{\mathrm d y}{\mathrm d x} = \frac{\mathrm d y}{\mathrm d u} \times \frac{\mathrm d u}{\mathrm d x}\)
Let \(u = x^{2} + 3\) so that \(y = u^{2}\)
\(\frac{\mathrm d y}{\mathrm d u} = 2u\)
\(\frac{\mathrm d u}{\mathrm d x} = 2x\)
\(\therefore \frac{\mathrm d y}{\mathrm d x} = 2u(2x) = 4xu\)
But \(u = x^{2} + 3\),
\(\frac{\mathrm d y}{\mathrm d x} = 4x(x^{2} + 3)\)
At \(x = \frac{1}{2}, \frac{\mathrm d y}{\mathrm d x} = 4(\frac{1}{2})((\frac{1}{2})^{2} + 3)\)
= \(2 \times \frac{13}{4} = \frac{13}{2} = 6.5\)
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