The diagram below represents the equilibrium position of a firm in a perfectly competitive industry. Study it and answer the questions that follow.
(a)(i) Equilibrium output is 50kg and equilibrium price is $20.00
(ii) Firm's party = TR - TC
TR = 50kg x $20.00 = $1000.00
TC = 50kg x $12.00 = $600.00
profit = $1000.00 - $600.00 = $400.00
OR
Profit = (AR - AC) * Q
= ($20.00 - $12.00) * 5
= $8.00 x 50
= $400.00
(iii) Abnormal/economic/supernormal profit. This is because the profit is earned at a point where price (AR) is greater than AC.
(b) The average revenue function is horizontal because in perfect competition, AR which is also the price is constant/fixed.
(c) (i) When MC is less than ATC, ATC is falling.
(ii) When MC is equal to ATC, ATC is at its minimum.
(iii) When MC is greater than ATC, ATC is rising.
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