a(i) Write the chemical formula of alumina.

 (ii) In the extraction of aluminium, state one compound that is used;

  I. to obtain alumina from Bauxite

II. as solvent for alumina.

(iii) Name the electrodes used in the extraction of aluminium.

(iv) Give one reason why the extraction of aluminium is expensive.

(v) In the extraction of aluminium:

  I. name the substance liberated at the anode;

 II. write the equation for the reaction that leads to decrease in the size of the anode.

b(i) Give two ions that cause hardness of water.

 (ii) State two advantages and two disadvantages of hard water.

c(i) What is meant by destructive distillation of coal?

 (ii) Name four products obtained from the destructive distillation of coal.

d(i) Name two gases which can be used to demonstrate the fountain experiment.

(ii) Give the reason why the gases named in 5d(i) are used.