The ions responsible for permanent hardness in water are sulphates of

Chemistry

JAMB 2024

A. Fe\(^{3+}\) and Mg\(^{2+}\)
B. Ca\(^{2+}\) and Mg\(^{2+}\)
C. Fe\(^{2+}\) and Fe\(^{3+}\)
D. Na\(^{+}\) and Ca\(^{2+}\)

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation

Water is considered permanently hard when it contains soluble chlorides and sulphates of calcium and magnesium. These salts do not precipitate out when the temperature increases, so boiling the water will not remove them.

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Explanation Video

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The ions responsible for permanent hardness in water are sulphates of

Correct Answer: Option B

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