(a)(i) Define allotropy.

(ii) Name the allotrope of carbon used in gas masks.

(iii) Mention two other elements which exhibit allotropy apart from carbon.

 

(b) List the products of each of the following reactions:

(i) Heating coal in the absence of air.

(ii) Burning of candle wax in plentiful supply of air

 

(c)(i) State the two properties of carbon (IV) oxide which make it useful in extinguishing fire.

(ii) Write an equation for the reaction of carbon (IV) oxide with lime water

(iii) Calculate the volume of oxygen that was in excess if 150cm\(^3\) of carbon (II) oxide was burnt in 80cm\(^3\) of oxygen according to the following equation: 2CO\(_{(g)}\) + O\(_{2(g)}\) \(\to\) 2CO\(_{2(g)}\).

 

(d)(i) State how nitrogen can be obtained from ammonia gas.

(ii) Name the gaseous fuels obtained when steam and air are passed over red hot coke.

(iii) Which of the fuels in (d)(ii) has the lower heating ability? Give reason for your answer.