Which of the following statements is an exception in the assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases?
Gases are composed of many elastic particles
The particles are of negligible size
The particles are in constant random motion
The particles are of negligible mass
The particles collide with each other
Explanation
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Look at it this way instead:
The Assumptions Of the Kinetic Theory of Gases:
1. The gas molecules move randomly in straight lines, colliding with one another and with the walls of the container -
What this means is that the particles are in constant random motion (C) and they collide with one another too (E). Both C and E are then true assumptions and not exceptions.
2. The collision of the gas molecules are perfectly elastic -
A lot of people here are arguing that it's the collision and not the Gases that are composed of many elastic properties. (JAMB will always try to put you off by using as many tricky words or phrases as possible, just to be sure you totally understand things and not just know them). If you've come across Collision in Physics, we know there are elastic and inelastic. In inelastic, the two moving bodies collide with each other and move as one (say, a car and a truck) and in elastic, they collide and each move in an opposite direction (eg. Footballs). For a collision to be elastic, the bodies colliding would have to have some sort of elastic properties (unarguably, a football has elastic properties hence it can bounce when kicked to the ground or wall), so A is actually a true assumption and not an exception.
3. Volume occupied by gas molecules themselves is negligible relative to volume of container, and the cohesive forces between gas molecules are negligible. The gas molecules are also small in relation to distance between them. Option B then too is a correct assumption.
The Assumptions Of Kinetic Theory of Gases never mentioned anything about masses. We also know that masses of a gas cannot be negligible because if it were then we wouldn't need to be calculating Relative Atomic and Molecular Masses of Gases. In fact, they probably wouldn't have been a topic in our chemistry syllabus.
So, volumes and size of molecules of Gases are negligible, but masses of gas particles are NOT negligible.
D is then not a true assumption and is the exception here.
But the particles do collide with each other, it is their pressure dat is negligible. It should be a cos it is deir collision dat is perfectly elastic, they do not contain elastic particles
Option D. The particle are of neglible mass.
Is correct because, The average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas is proportional to the temperature of the gas and nothing more. Because the mass of these particles is constant, the particles must move faster as the gas becomes warmer.
The exception among the assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases is:
D. The particles are of negligible mass
Explanation:
According to the kinetic theory of gases, gas particles are assumed to have negligible volume and to be in constant random motion. While they are assumed to have negligible mass compared to the volume they occupy, they are not considered to have absolutely negligible mass. Gas particles do have mass, although it is often much smaller than the mass of the container they occupy. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.
The answer D is correct because according to the postulate of an ideal gas that z de kinetic theory, collision between gas molecules are perfectly elastic that z , der z no loss of kinetic energy
The correct answer is D. The particles are of negligible mass.
The kinetic theory of gases assumes that the particles (molecules or atoms) have negligible volume, not mass. In fact, the theory assumes that the particles have mass, as their motion and collisions are critical to the theory's explanations of gas behavior.
Here's a brief explanation of the other options:
A. Gases are composed of many elastic particles: This is a fundamental assumption of the kinetic theory, as it explains the gas's ability to expand and compress.
B. The particles are of negligible size: This assumption is made to simplify calculations and focus on the overall behavior of the gas, rather than the individual particles' sizes.
C. The particles are in constant random motion: This assumption is a key aspect of the kinetic theory, as it explains the gas's thermal properties and behavior.
E. (There is no option E, so this is not an exception to the assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases.)
