An energy pyramid is a graphical representation of the flow of energy through different trophic levels in an ecosystem. It is always upright because energy is lost at each successive level. This loss occurs primarily through metabolic processes (such as respiration and movement) and as heat released into the environment. According to Lindeman’s 10% Law, only about 10% of the energy from one trophic level is transferred to the next, meaning energy content is highest at the base (producers) and lowest at the apex (top predators).
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