In ecology, when a population reaches its carrying capacity (K), it doesn't simply stop at a fixed number. Instead, it enters a phase of dynamic equilibrium. The population size typically oscillates (alternately increases and decreases) around the carrying capacity.
If the population exceeds K, resources like food and oxygen become scarce, leading to increased death rates or decreased birth rates, causing the population to decrease. Once it falls below K, resources become more available, allowing the population to increase again.
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