Industrial melanism in peppered moths is an example of evolution by natural selection. It occurred when the colour of the peppered moth population changed in response to air pollution from coal-burning factories during the Industrial Revolution.
The common pale form of the peppered moth was replaced by a previously unknown black form. The dark moths were better able to blend in with the darkened bark of trees, while the pale moths were more visible to predators. The dark form became more common, and in some areas of England, the original pale form was almost lost by the end of the 19th century.
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