2018 WAEC Biology Theory The diagrams below are illustrations of two organisms.  Study them and answer question 3 (a)...

2018 WAEC Biology Theory The diagrams below are illustrations of two organisms. Study them and answer question 3 (a)...

WAEC 2018

The diagrams below are illustrations of two organisms. Study them and answer question 3 (a) to (f)

(a)(i) Identify organisms A and B.
(ii) Name the parts labeled I to X.
(b) State one function each of the parts labeled VI, VIII, IX and X.
(c) Name the specific habitats of organisms A and B.
(d) State three structural adaptations of organism A to its mode of life.
(e)(i)State three structural similarities between organisms A and B.
(ii) State three structural differences between organisms A and B.
(f)(i) Name the class of organisms A and B.
(ii) State three reasons for the answer in (f) (i).
(g)State one biological importance of organism A.

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Explanation

(a) (i) Identification of organisms
A – Butterfly/Papilio sp.
B – Housefly/Musca sp.

(ii) Name of labeled parts

I- Head; VI- Antenna;

II- Antenna; VII- Head;

III- Thorax; VIII- Compound eye;

IV- Fore(wing); IX- fore (wing);

V- Abdomen;                                    X- leg.
(b)     Function of parts
VI - Antenna: for feeling/ sensitivity (to touch/smell/vibrations);
VIII - Compound eye: for seeing/ sight/vision;
IX - wing: for balancing/flying/ flight;
X - leg: for walking/ crawling/ running.

(c) Specific habitats of organisms A and B
A /Butterfly: Garden, farm/ flowering plants/ trees;
B /Housefly: Latrines/ toilets/ refuse dumps/ exposed food/ sewage/ decaying organic matter.
(d) Structural adaptations of organism A

Large/ broad wings; for flight;
Long thin proboscis/mouthpart; for sucking nectar;
Long clubbed antennae; for sensitivity;
Large compound eyes; for vision .

Note: The structure must be correctly qualified to score; but 1mark will be awarded for correct function.
(e) (i) Structural similarities between organisms A and B
Both possess

Wings;
Three body divisions/head, thorax and abdomen;
A pair of antennae;
A pair of compound eyes.
Segmented body

(ii) Structural differences between organisms A and B

A/Butterfly	B/Housefly
Broad wings	Narrow wings;
Antennae is clubbed/knobbed	Antennae is not clubbed/knobbed;
Long antennae	Short antennae;
Smaller compound eyes	Bigger compound eyes;
Scales present	Scales absent;
Hind wings present	Hind wings reduced to halters;
Simple eyes absent	Simple eyes present;
Hair absent	Hair present;