(a) List four adaptive features of animals that climb rain forest trees.
(b) State five important uses of water to organisms in the tropical rain forest.
(c) Describe how temperature as an ecological factor can be measured
(d)(i) Name two scientists who have contributed to the study of evolution.
(ii) List five evidences to support the occurrence of evolution.
(a) Adaptive features of climbing animals are:
(a) There is presence of prehensile tails, (e.g. monkey
(b) They have opposable digits e.g. monkey
(c) They possess sticky adhesive discs on fingers e.g. geckos
(d) They possess grasping scales e.g. snakes
(e) They have grasping pads e.g. tree frongs
(f) They have long, sharp claws for climbing e.g. squirrels.
(b) Important uses of water to organisms in rain forest are:
(a) It is also essential for photosynthesis.
(b) It helps to maintain the body temperature of organisms.
(c) It is essential for plant turgidity/ mechanical support.
(d) It helps in metabolism of organisms.
(e) It provides moisture necessary for microbial activity.
(f) It provides moisture necessary for burrowing animals.
(g) It is also essential for translocation and transpiration.
(h) It is also essential for movement and survival of aquatic animal.
(i) It is important for plant and animal growth or germination of seeds.
(c) The instrument used for measurement of temperature is the thermometer. The bulb of the instrument whose temperature is to be measured is suspended in the medium for about one minute to five minutes while the level of the mercury or liquid in the stem is recorded. About three readings are recorded and the average found.
(d)(i) The following scientists have contributed to the study of solutions:
(a) Larmack
(b) Charles Darwin
(c) De'Vries
(d) A.R. Wallace (
ii) Evidence in support of evolution are:
(a) Evidence from embryology
(b) Evidence from Geographical distribution
(c) Physiological evidence
(d) Evidence of comparative morphology.
(e) Evidence of vestigial organs
(f) Evidence from cytology or chromosome doubling
(g) Evidence from fossil records
(h) Evidence form comparative anatomy.
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